As pet parents, we strive to provide the best care for our furry kids, ensuring they are happy and healthy. However, just like humans, dogs can experience depression. Unlike humans, they can’t verbalise what they are feeling. Experts recognize that dogs can experience mental health problems similar to depression. It’s crucial for us as parents to recognize the signs and address the issue promptly. But how do you know if your dog may be depressed? This article will help you answer that question.

How to Spot Signs of Depression in Dogs

Dog depression symptoms can vary depending on the individual dog and how serious the problem is. Recognizing the signs of depression in dogs can be challenging, as they often overlap with other behavioural and medical issues. Here are some key indicators that your dog might be experiencing depression:

1. Behavioural Changes

• Reduced Activity: Your once energetic dog may become lethargic and show little interest in exercise or play.
• Loss of Interest: Activities that used to excite your dog, such as walks, toys, or social interactions, may no longer appeal to them.
• Increased Sleeping: Depressed dogs may sleep more than usual and seem less responsive to stimuli.

2. Appetite Changes

• Decreased Appetite: A sudden lack of interest in food, treats, or even favourite meals can be a sign of depression.
• Weight Loss: This may accompany a decrease in appetite.

3. Social Withdrawal

• Avoidance: Your dog may shy away from people, other animals, or situations they previously enjoyed.

4. Excessive Licking or Chewing

• Self-Soothing Behaviours: Depressed dogs might excessively lick or chew on a particular body part, leading to sores or hair loss.

5. Changes in Vocalization

• Increased Whining, Howling, or Barking: Unusual vocalisations can indicate distress or discomfort.

6. Physical Symptoms

• Lethargy: A general lack of energy and enthusiasm.
• Changes in Grooming Habits: Depressed dogs might neglect self-grooming or over-groom, leading to skin issues.

Ruling Out Other Medical Conditions

Before concluding that your dog is depressed, it is essential to rule out any underlying medical conditions that could be causing similar symptoms. A comprehensive veterinary examination is the first step in ruling out medical issues that might be causing symptoms similar to depression. Schedule a visit to the vet to ensure your dog is thoroughly checked for infections, hormonal imbalances, or chronic pain conditions. The vet will perform a detailed physical examination, assessing your dog's overall health, and may also review your dog's medical history to identify any underlying issues. This thorough approach helps pinpoint potential physical ailments that could be contributing to your dog's behaviour changes.

In addition to the physical examination, the vet may recommend blood tests and imaging to gain a deeper understanding of your dog's health. Blood tests can reveal abnormalities in organ function, hormonal levels, and the presence of infections or inflammatory conditions. Imaging techniques, such as X-rays or ultrasounds, can help diagnose conditions that are not immediately visible during the physical exam, like internal injuries. These diagnostic tools are crucial for identifying medical conditions that could be causing or exacerbating your dog's depression, ensuring that they receive appropriate treatment.

Common Medical Conditions to Consider

Arthritis is a prevalent issue, especially in older dogs, where joint pain can cause reduced activity levels and social withdrawal. The discomfort and stiffness associated with arthritis may make it difficult for your dog to move around, leading to lethargy and a lack of interest in previously enjoyed activities. Identifying and managing arthritis can significantly improve your dog's quality of life and alleviate symptoms that resemble depression.

Dental problems are another common cause of changes in behaviour and appetite in dogs. Pain from dental issues such as broken teeth, infections, or gum disease can lead to reluctance to eat, increased irritability, and general discomfort. Additionally, gastrointestinal issues like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or food allergies can affect a dog's overall well-being, leading to weight loss, changes in appetite, and lethargy. Treatment of these conditions are essential for restoring your dog's health and well-being, and addressing these issues can often alleviate symptoms of depression.

Common Causes of Depression in Dogs

Understanding the root cause of your dog's depression is crucial for effective treatment. Common causes include:

1. Changes in Environment

• Moving to a New Home: New surroundings can be stressful and disorienting for dogs.
• Changes in Routine: Significant changes in daily routines, such as a new work schedule, can affect your dog.

2. Loss of a Companion

• Human or Animal Companion: The death or departure of a beloved human or animal friend can lead to grief and depression.

3. Traumatic Events

• Past Abuse or Neglect: Dogs with a history of trauma may be more prone to depression.
• Accidents or Injuries: Traumatic events can have lasting psychological effects.

4. Lack of Mental Stimulation

• Boredom: Dogs need mental and physical stimulation to stay happy. Lack of enrichment can lead to depression.

How to Manage Depression in Dogs

Once you've identified that your dog is suffering from depression, there are several steps you can take to help them recover. Take note that the most effective treatment plans often include a combination of pharmaceuticals (severe cases where the dog is unable to function most of the time), managing your dog’s environment, and behaviour modification.

Provide Consistent Routine

Dogs thrive on stability, and maintaining a consistent routine can significantly contribute to their sense of security. Regular feeding times, scheduled exercise, and playtime are essential components of this routine. Predictable daily activities can help your dog feel more secure and reduce anxiety. Consistency in their environment and daily schedule can make a world of difference in their overall mental health.

Increase Mental and Physical Stimulation

Keeping your dog mentally and physically stimulated is crucial for their mental well-being. Interactive toys, such as puzzle toys, nosework toys and games, can engage your dog's mind and keep them entertained. These activities not only provide mental stimulation but also help in reducing boredom and destructive behaviours. Regular physical exercise, including walks and playtime, is equally important. Exercise boosts your dog's mood, energy levels, and overall health, making it an essential part of managing and preventing depression.

Socialisation

Spending quality time with your dog and encouraging social interactions are vital for their emotional health. Dedicate time each day to offer affection, attention, and engagement with your dog. This can strengthen your bond and help them feel loved and secure. Additionally, arranging playdates with other dogs can enhance their social skills and provide them with much-needed companionship.

Positive Reinforcement Training

Incorporating short, positive reinforcement training sessions into your routine can greatly benefit your dog's mental health. These sessions boost your dog's confidence and provide mental stimulation. Use positive reinforcement techniques, such as treats and praise, to encourage good behaviour and strengthen your bond with your dog. Training sessions also provide an opportunity for your dog to learn new skills and engage their mind in a constructive way.

Consider Professional Help

If your dog continues to show signs of depression despite your best efforts, it may be time to seek professional help. Consulting your vet for advice on medications or calming supplements can be a valuable step in managing your dog's depression. Some dogs may benefit from diffusing calming pheromones. Products like ADAPTIL Calm Behaviour Training (For Anxiety) Diffuser Kit for Dogs diffuses small amount of Dog Appeasing Pheromones (DAP) into the air which have a comforting and calming effect on anxious dogs. Additionally, professional dog trainers or behaviourists can offer targeted strategies and therapies tailored to your dog's specific needs. These experts can provide insights and techniques to help manage and alleviate your dog's depressive symptoms effectively.

Holistic Approaches

Holistic approaches can also play a significant role in managing your dog's depression. Gentle massage and physical touch can reduce stress and promote relaxation. The calming effects of touch can help soothe your dog and improve their overall mood. Aromatherapy is another option, where certain scents can have a calming effect on dogs. However, it is essential to consult your vet before using any essential oils to ensure they are safe for your dog. You may consider using a stress relief spray like this Earthbath Stress Relief Spritz Eucalyptus & Peppermint Spray For Dogs which will naturally deodorize in between baths, calm and relieve stress.

Depression in dogs is a serious issue that requires prompt attention and care. While most dogs are amazingly resilient and simple environmental and social changes can make a huge difference, others with severe and permanent depression may require medication. Usually, with a little extra attention and enjoyable enrichment, your dog will recover without any major difficulty. As pet parents, it is crucial to be able to recognise the signs of depression, quickly identify the causes and take action to prevent the condition from worsening. Remember that there is no miracle cure. With plenty of patience, love and care, the most effective treatment plans often include a combination of medication, behaviour and environment modification.

KATHERINE KHOO

Katherine is a Pet Nutrition Specialist and GDP’s Pet Wellness Advisor. She is committed to helping pet owners make informed dietary and lifestyle choices in nurturing healthy pets. Katherine is also a practicing Nutritional Therapist (human nutrition) and has been helping hundreds of clients to heal naturally with nutrients.