Ear infections are one of the most common reasons pet parents take their dogs to the vet. While most cases are mild and manageable at home, untreated or recurrent infections can lead to pain, hearing loss, and more serious complications. Knowing when to intervene can make a significant difference.  

Recognizing the Signs of an Ear Infection in Dogs

Dog ear infections, or otitis externa, usually affect the outer ear canal but can progress deeper if left untreated. They’re often caused by bacteria, yeast, ear mites, moisture, or foreign bodies lodged in the ear. Some breeds, especially those with floppy ears like Cocker Spaniels or Golden Retrievers, are more prone to infections due to poor air circulation and moisture buildup inside the ear.

Common symptoms of a dog ear infection include:

• Persistent scratching or pawing at the ears
• Redness, inflammation, or swelling inside the ear
• Strong, unpleasant odour
• Black, brown, yellow, or even bloody discharge
• Frequent head shaking or tilting
• Scabs or crusts on the outer ear flap
• Signs of pain or sensitivity when the ear is touched
• In severe cases: loss of balance, walking in circles, or hearing loss 

These symptoms can range from mild to severe. Even if your dog seems only slightly uncomfortable, it’s best to take any signs seriously. Ear infections are painful and can worsen quickly without proper treatment.

Remedies to Soothe Mild Infections

If the infection is mild, and your dog is otherwise healthy and alert, you may be able to provide temporary relief at home.. However, these remedies are not a substitute for a veterinary diagnosis or treatment, and are best suited for early or mild cases.

1. Gentle Ear Cleaning 

Cleaning the ear can help remove wax, debris, and reduce bacterial growth. Use a pet-friendly ear cleaner or make a mild solution with equal parts apple cider vinegar and water. A quick-drying ear cleaner like this TropiClean Dual Action Cleansing + Drying Ear Cleaner for Dogs and Cats is a great choice if your dog swims regularly, has floppy ears, or is prone to ear infection. This cleaner quickly dries to help reduce excess moisture and prevent ear infections. Once you’ve cleaned the inner ear wax, gently wipe the outer ear and visible parts of the ear canal using a soft cloth, cotton ball or ear wipes. Do not push cotton swabs into the dog’s ear! They can push debris deeper into the ear or damage the eardrum. 

2. Coconut Oil Drops

Coconut oil has natural antibacterial and antifungal properties. A few drops gently warmed to body temperature can be massaged into the outer ear to reduce irritation. Make sure the ear is clean and not inflamed before applying any oils.

3. Warm Compress

A warm compress is one of the simplest and gentlest home remedies to help relieve pain and inflammation in your dog’s ear. While it doesn’t treat the underlying infection, it can offer comfort if there’s mild swelling or congestion in the ear canal.

How to Apply a Warm Compress:

• Soak a clean washcloth in warm water. The water should be comfortably warm to the touch, not boiling hot.
• Wring out excess water so it’s damp but not dripping.
• Hold the compress gently against the outer ear flap and base of the ear (not deep inside the canal) for 5 to 10 minutes.
• Apply the warm compress several times daily, as needed for comfort, especially if your dog seems uncomfortable or is shaking their head frequently.
• Dry the ear gently afterward if it becomes damp from the compress. 

Cautions:

• Do not apply heat if your dog’s ear is raw, bleeding, or has open sores, as it could worsen inflammation or cause pain.
• Always make sure the temperature is safe — test it on your own skin first. If it’s too hot for you, it’s too hot for your dog!
• If your dog reacts with visible pain or distress when you apply the compress, stop immediately and consult your vet. 

4. Witch Hazel

Witch hazel is a natural astringent derived from the bark and leaves of the Hamamelis shrub. It’s commonly used for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and has drying properties, which can help in managing mild ear issues in dogs. When used properly, witch hazel may help dry out excess moisture in the ear canal and reduce minor inflammation.

Due to its drying properties, witch hazel can be helpful after bathing or swimming, when residual moisture in the ear can increase the risk of infection—especially in dogs with floppy ears.

How to Use Witch Hazel on Dogs (Safely):

• Choose alcohol-free witch hazel as products with alcohol can sting, irritate, or overly dry the sensitive skin in your dog’s ears.
• Dilute it with equal water to reduce its potency.
• Apply a small amount of witch hazel to a cotton ball or soft cloth.
• Gently wipe only the visible parts of the outer ear. Never pour it directly into the ear canal!
• Use it once or twice a week, or after your dog swims or gets wet, to help keep ears dry. 

Cautions:

• Never use witch hazel if your dog’s ears are raw, bleeding, or visibly inflamed. It may cause stinging and worsen the irritation.
• Avoid using it if there are open sores, chronic infections, or if the ear smells foul or yeasty, as this may require veterinary treatment.
• Witch hazel is not a cure for bacterial or yeast infections—it's best used for prevention or as a supportive measure for mild symptoms.

When used with care, alcohol-free witch hazel can be a useful tool in your dog’s ear care routine. However, because every dog’s skin and tolerance can differ, it’s best to test on a small area first and monitor for signs of sensitivity. For any persistent ear symptoms, always consult your vet.

Preventing Ear Infections in Dogs

These are very important changes to make if your dog gets recurring or chronic ear infections. While some dogs are more prone to ear infections due to their breed or lifestyle, many cases can be prevented with proactive care. Maintaining overall health, especially through diet, immune support, and environmental choices can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of ear issues.

1. Feed a Clean, Balanced Diet 

A high-quality, species-appropriate diet supports overall immune function and reduces inflammation in the body, including in the ears. A dog’s ears often reflect what’s happening internally. Chronic ear infections may be a sign that your dog’s current food isn’t working for them. Poor nutrition can weaken your dog’s immune defenses, making them more vulnerable to bacterial or yeast overgrowth.

• Whenever possible, choose dog food with whole food ingredients
• Avoid dog food with low-quality fillers like corn, wheat, soy, and by-products
• Include anti-inflammatory foods e.g., omega-3-rich fish 
• Monitor food sensitivities. Some dogs may react to common proteins like chicken or beef. 

2. Support the Immune

System Your dog’s ears are part of their body’s immune defense. If the immune system is compromised by stress, poor nutrition, or chronic illness, it’s easier for pathogens to take hold. A robust immune system is your dog’s best defense against recurring infections.

• Provide daily mental and physical enrichment to reduce stress.
• Avoid overuse of antibiotics or steroids unless absolutely necessary, as these can suppress immune function long-term.
• Consider immune-supporting supplements like colostrum, antioxidants, medicinal mushrooms, or astragalus. 

3. Promote Gut Health

Up to 70% of the immune system resides in the gut, which plays a direct role in preventing infections. An imbalanced gut microbiome can lead to inflammation, allergies, and yeast overgrowth, all common triggers for ear infections. Healthy gut, healthy ears. It's that connected.

• Include probiotics or fermented foods in your dog’s diet like kefir. 
• Add prebiotics (like pumpkin, dandelion greens, or chicory root) to support healthy bacteria.
• Avoid unnecessary antibiotics, which can disrupt gut flora.
• Rotate proteins and whole-food ingredients to promote diversity in the microbiome. 

4. Minimize Exposure to Allergens & Harsh Chemicals

Environmental allergens (like pollen, dust mites, mold) and chemical irritants (like cleaning sprays, artificial fragrances, or synthetic flea treatments) can trigger inflammation and allergic responses, including in the ears. If your dog has seasonal or contact allergies, reducing environmental triggers can make a big difference in their ear health.

• Regularly clean your home with pet-safe, non-toxic products.
• Avoid scented sprays, plug-ins, and chemical-heavy grooming products.
• Choose natural flea/tick preventives if your dog is sensitive to spot-on treatments.
• Wipe paws and ears after walks, especially during high-pollen seasons.
• Use hypoallergenic laundry detergent on your dog’s bedding 

Prevention is key when it comes to ear health. Here’s a summarized list of proactive tips:

• Regular ear checks: Inspect your dog’s ears weekly for dirt, redness, or odour.
• Clean ears regularly and gently: Once a month ear cleaning is usually enough for most dogs with healthy, non-problematic ears.
• Dry ears thoroughly: Especially in breeds prone to moisture buildup or after swimming.
• Avoid allergens: Food allergies or environmental triggers can contribute to recurring infections.
• Keep hair around the ear trimmed: Trimmed in and around the ears for better airflow.
• Feed a clean, balanced diet: A balanced diet made with fresh ingredients that supports your dog’s gut and immune health can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of ear issues.
• Minimize exposure to allergens & harsh chemicals: Environmental allergens and chemical irritants can trigger inflammation and allergic responses, including in the ears. So, avoid these items as much as possible.

When to Call the Vet

Even if your dog seems to improve with home remedies, a vet visit is still recommended to rule out deeper infections or underlying causes.

You should see your veterinarian if:

• Symptoms last more than 2–3 days without improvement
• Your dog shows signs of severe pain, lethargy, or appetite loss
• You see discharge, cuts, or a foreign object in the ear
• There is head tilting, loss of balance, or eye movement abnormalities
• There are signs of hearing loss or severe swelling 

Left untreated, ear infections can spread to the middle or inner ear, potentially causing nerve damage, chronic pain, or permanent hearing loss. Your vet may take a swab of the discharge for testing, prescribe antibiotic or antifungal medications, or recommend a deep ear cleaning under sedation if the infection is advanced.

Dog ear infections are more than just an annoyance. They can be painful, persistent, and lead to serious health complications like hearing loss if ignored. Pay attention and learn to recognize the early signs. If you notice signs of ear infection, offer gentle at-home relief, but it’s crucial to know when to seek veterinary care. When in doubt, always consult your veterinarian. Prompt care not only shortens recovery time but also prevents recurring infections and long-term damage.

KATHERINE KHOO

Katherine is a Pet Nutrition Specialist and GDP’s Pet Wellness Advisor. She is committed to helping pet owners make informed dietary and lifestyle choices in nurturing healthy pets. Katherine is also a practicing Nutritional Therapist (human nutrition) and has been helping hundreds of clients to heal naturally with nutrients.